Manual Linux Tomcat Install

1. Download a Tomcat 11 install package:

   $ sudo yum install wget
   $ wget https://dlcdn.apache.org/tomcat/tomcat-11/v11.0.25/bin/apache-tomcat-11.0.25.tar.gz
   

2. Uncompress the Tomcat 11 install package:

   $ sudo yum install tar
   $ sudo mkdir /opt/tomcat
   $ sudo tar -xf apache-tomcat-11.0.25.tar.gz -C /opt/tomcat
   $ sudo ln -s /opt/tomcat/apache-tomcat-11.0.25 /opt/tomcat/latest
   

3. Create a Tomcat user and set permissions:

   $ sudo useradd -m -U -d /opt/tomcat -s /bin/false tomcat
   $ sudo chown -R tomcat:tomcat /opt/tomcat
   

4. Create/Edit the Tomcat service file:

   $ sudo vi /etc/systemd/system/tomcat.service
   

   and add this:

   [Unit]
   Description=Tomcat 11 servlet container
   After=network.target
   
   [Service]
   Type=forking
   
   User=tomcat
   Group=tomcat
   
   Environment="JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-17-openjdk-amd64"
   Environment="JAVA_OPTS=-Djava.security.egd=file:///dev/urandom"
   
   Environment="CATALINA_BASE=/opt/tomcat/latest"
   Environment="CATALINA_HOME=/opt/tomcat/latest"
   Environment="CATALINA_PID=/opt/tomcat/latest/temp/tomcat.pid"
   Environment="CATALINA_OPTS=-Xms2G -Xmx4G -XX:SoftRefLRUPolicyMSPerMB=36000 -XX:-UsePerfData"
   
   ExecStart=/opt/tomcat/latest/bin/startup.sh
   ExecStop=/opt/tomcat/latest/bin/shutdown.sh
   
   [Install]
   WantedBy=multi-user.target
   

   Note

   The -Xms2G -Xmx4G values above are a Large profile starting point. See Memory sizing for guidance on choosing a profile, and Garbage collection tuning for larger deployments.

5. Optional: You may choose to manage CATALINA_OPTS by creating /opt/tomcat/latest/bin/setenv.sh (or by editing tomcat.service above):

   #!/bin/sh
   
   # Prepend JVM Options
   CATALINA_OPTS="-XX:SoftRefLRUPolicyMSPerMB=36000 -XX:-UsePerfData ${CATALINA_OPTS}"
   
   # Append system properties
   CATALINA_OPTS="${CATALINA_OPTS} -Dorg.geotools.referencing.forceXY=true"
   

   Note

   -X java options must be listed before any -D system properties.

6. Optional: By default Tomcat will use ¼ of system memory, to set a lower limit adjust CATALINA_OPTS using setenv.sh (or by editing tomcat.service above).

   #!/bin/sh
   
   # Prepend JVM Options
   CATALINA_OPTS="-XX:SoftRefLRUPolicyMSPerMB=36000 -XX:-UsePerfData ${CATALINA_OPTS}"
   
   # Append system properties
   CATALINA_OPTS="${CATALINA_OPTS} -Dorg.geotools.referencing.forceXY=true"
   
   # Prepend JVM Memory Options
   CATALINA_OPTS="-Xms2G -Xmx4G ${CATALINA_OPTS}"
   

7. Setup the Service

   $ systemctl daemon-reload
   $ systemctl enable tomcat
   $ systemctl start tomcat
   $ systemctl status tomcat
   

8. Test that Tomcat is running

   http://server_IP_address:8080